The second biliary stage (chronic stage) occurs when flukes move into the biliary tract. Other signs include mild hepatitis, severe subcapsular haemorrhage, and frank hepatic necrosis. This causes destruction of the hepatic tissue and hepatic lesions, resulting in fever, nausea and vomiting, urticaria, right upper quadrant abdonminal pain, hepatomegaly, hypergamma-globulinaemia, anaemia and marked eosinophilia. The first hepatic stage is acute and invasive while flukes are in the liver parenchyma and can last for 2 to 4 months. Infection consists of two stages, the hepatic stage and the biliary stage Footnote 4. hepatica induces pathology in the liver and biliary tracts Footnote 3, where it can survive up to 10-15 years in the infected host Footnote 1. The eggs are ovoid, light yellow-brown, operculate and large, and range from 130 to 150 µm in length, and 60-90 µm in width. gigantica are about double the size of F. Hermaphroditic adults are flat and leaf-like, ranging from 20-30 mm in length and 7-14 mm in width, with oral and ventral suckers that are the organs of attachment Footnote 1 Footnote 2. hepatica is a parasitic flatworm of the Fasciolidae family. SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Fascioliasis, Human Fascioliasis, common liver fluke, trematode, sheep liver fluke disease.ĬHARACTERISTICS: F. NAME: Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica PATHOGEN SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT
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